In the tradition of the old Roman Empire, only emperors were allowed to pass through the Golden Gate during triumphal celebrations. Even the most successful generals were not permitted this honor unless they had become emperor. For example:
Belisarius, who defeated the Vandals
Maurice, known for victories over the Persians
Nicephorus Phocas, before becoming emperor
Leo, brother of Nicephorus
These men held their victory parades not through the Golden Gate, but instead in the Hippodrome and along the main avenue of Constantinople, the Mese The Golden Gate and Imperial Ceremonies.
The Gathering Before the Gate
For Imperial triumphs, the ceremony began on the plain outside the Golden Gate. This wide open area allowed the army and crowds to gather in full view of the triumphal arch. The emperor would arrive either from the Hebdomon, where new rulers were crowned, or from the Palace of Blachernae in the northwest of the city.
Order of the Procession
The parade was organized with care and symbolism:
Captured enemies, divided into groups and guarded by soldiers, led the march.
Then came the military trophies: banners, weapons, and spoils of war.
After them rode the emperor, on a white horse, wearing robes of gold and pearls, a crown on his head, a scepter in his hand, and his victory sword by his side.
Riding beside him would be the Caesar or his son—also richly dressed and mounted.
Before entering the city, the emperor might stop at the gate and, like Theophilus, kneel three times to give thanks to God for his victory. This act was a sign of humility and divine gratitude Walking Guided Tours Ephesus.
A Joyous Welcome
As the emperor passed through the Golden Gate, the city’s officials greeted him. They gave him a crown of gold and a laurel wreath as a symbol of honor. In return, the emperor offered gifts and gold, known as largesse, to the people.
Crowds shouted joyful praises:
“Glory to God, who brings back our emperors with victory!”
“Glory to You, Holy Trinity, for our rulers are victorious!”
“Welcome, brave and glorious emperors!”
Celebration in the City
The parade continued through the Mese and the main Fora (public squares). The streets were full of people waving banners, throwing flowers, and hanging greenery from balconies. The entire city was dressed for celebration.
The procession ended at the Great Palace, marking the end of the official triumph. The day was remembered as one of joy, glory, and pride for the people of Constantinople.
